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Merck & Co mouse uc cell line mb49

a Tissue sections obtained from human ccRCC and UC cases who underwent ICB therapy were hematoxylin and eosin stained (top panels), and stained for Meflin mRNA by ISH (lower panels). Boxed areas are magnified in the middle panels. Dotted lines indicate the boundaries between the tumor and the stroma. Arrowheads indicate Meflin + CAFs. b Patients with ccRCC (top) or UC (bottom) treated with ICB therapy were stratified by the numbers of Meflin + CAFs in the stromal tissue. c Objective response rate (ORR) of Meflin-high and -low ccRCC and UC cases who received ICB therapy. d PFS (top) and OS (bottom) of Meflin-high and -low ccRCC or UC patients treated with ICB therapy. e , f C57BL/6 wild-type and Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with <t>MB49</t> cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse) on Day 1, followed by intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 (αPD-L1) or isotype control IgG every three days from Day 5 to Day 14 ( e ). Tumor volume ( f ). The statistical methods used are a two-tailed unpaired t-test ( c , f ) and log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test ( d ). CAFs cancer-associated fibroblasts, ccRCC clear cell renal cell carcinoma, CR complete response, ICB immune checkpoint blockade, Ig immunoglobulin, ISH in situ hybridization, KO knockout, N.S. not significant, OS overall survival, PD progressive disease, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, PFS progression-free survival, PR partial response, SD stable disease, UC: urothelial carcinoma.

Mouse Uc Cell Line Mb49, supplied by Merck & Co, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews

mouse uc cell line mb49 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03

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1) Product Images from "Synthetic retinoid-mediated preconditioning of cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages improves cancer response to immune checkpoint blockade"

Article Title: Synthetic retinoid-mediated preconditioning of cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages improves cancer response to immune checkpoint blockade

Journal: British Journal of Cancer

doi: 10.1038/s41416-024-02734-3

Figure Legend Snippet: a Tissue sections obtained from human ccRCC and UC cases who underwent ICB therapy were hematoxylin and eosin stained (top panels), and stained for Meflin mRNA by ISH (lower panels). Boxed areas are magnified in the middle panels. Dotted lines indicate the boundaries between the tumor and the stroma. Arrowheads indicate Meflin + CAFs. b Patients with ccRCC (top) or UC (bottom) treated with ICB therapy were stratified by the numbers of Meflin + CAFs in the stromal tissue. c Objective response rate (ORR) of Meflin-high and -low ccRCC and UC cases who received ICB therapy. d PFS (top) and OS (bottom) of Meflin-high and -low ccRCC or UC patients treated with ICB therapy. e , f C57BL/6 wild-type and Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse) on Day 1, followed by intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 (αPD-L1) or isotype control IgG every three days from Day 5 to Day 14 ( e ). Tumor volume ( f ). The statistical methods used are a two-tailed unpaired t-test ( c , f ) and log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test ( d ). CAFs cancer-associated fibroblasts, ccRCC clear cell renal cell carcinoma, CR complete response, ICB immune checkpoint blockade, Ig immunoglobulin, ISH in situ hybridization, KO knockout, N.S. not significant, OS overall survival, PD progressive disease, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, PFS progression-free survival, PR partial response, SD stable disease, UC: urothelial carcinoma.

Techniques Used: Staining, Injection, Control, Two Tailed Test, In Situ Hybridization, Knock-Out

a C57BL/6 wild-type female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with mT5 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by oral Am80 administration at the indicated periods and intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 antibodies. a, b, and c indicate the periods for oral Am80 administration. b Time courses of the volume of tumors developed in mice treated by the indicated regimens (left) and their body weights (right). c C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by oral administration of DMSO or Am80 prior to intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 antibodies. d , e Tissue sections obtained from the MB49 tumors on Day 12 were stained for the Islr gene by ISH ( d ), followed by quantification of Islr + cells ( e ). Arrowheads in ( d ) indicate Islr + cells. f Time courses of the volumes of tumors of the indicated groups. Differences between groups were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( b ), and Student t-test ( e , f ). HPF high-power field (×40 objective lens), ICB immune checkpoint blockade, ISH in situ hybridization, KO knockout, NS not significant, PDAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, UC urothelial carcinoma.

Figure Legend Snippet: a C57BL/6 wild-type female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with mT5 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by oral Am80 administration at the indicated periods and intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 antibodies. a, b, and c indicate the periods for oral Am80 administration. b Time courses of the volume of tumors developed in mice treated by the indicated regimens (left) and their body weights (right). c C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by oral administration of DMSO or Am80 prior to intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 antibodies. d , e Tissue sections obtained from the MB49 tumors on Day 12 were stained for the Islr gene by ISH ( d ), followed by quantification of Islr + cells ( e ). Arrowheads in ( d ) indicate Islr + cells. f Time courses of the volumes of tumors of the indicated groups. Differences between groups were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( b ), and Student t-test ( e , f ). HPF high-power field (×40 objective lens), ICB immune checkpoint blockade, ISH in situ hybridization, KO knockout, NS not significant, PDAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, UC urothelial carcinoma.

Techniques Used: Injection, Staining, In Situ Hybridization, Knock-Out

a C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by oral administration of DMSO or Am80 and IHC for several immune cell markers. Four random HPFs from the intratumoral area for each tissue section were evaluated for quantification. b – e Cells positive for the indicated immune cell markers in each HPF were counted, followed by quantification. Twelve HPFs were evaluated for each group. The statistical methods used were 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( b – e ). HPF high-power field (×40 objective lens), IHC immunohistochemistry, KO knockout, TIME tumor immune microenvironment.

Figure Legend Snippet: a C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by oral administration of DMSO or Am80 and IHC for several immune cell markers. Four random HPFs from the intratumoral area for each tissue section were evaluated for quantification. b – e Cells positive for the indicated immune cell markers in each HPF were counted, followed by quantification. Twelve HPFs were evaluated for each group. The statistical methods used were 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( b – e ). HPF high-power field (×40 objective lens), IHC immunohistochemistry, KO knockout, TIME tumor immune microenvironment.

Techniques Used: Immunohistochemistry, Knock-Out

a C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were orally administered DMSO or Am80 every day from Day 1 to Day 7. The mice were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 2 ml TGC (3%) on Day 4, followed by isolation of peritoneal macrophages on Day 7, and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for macrophage markers. b Expression levels of Nos2 and Mrc1 relative to Actb in the indicated macrophages as examined by qPCR. c Conditioned media (CM) from primary cultured mouse MSCs treated with either DMSO or Am80 (1 µM) for 48 h were added to control RAW264.7 cells or RAW264.7 cells that had been differentiated into M2-type macrophages using recombinant IL-4 (40 ng/ml, 48 h), followed by culture for 24 h and qPCR. d Total RNA extracted from MSCs treated with DMSO or Am80 (1 µM) for 48 h was examined for the expressions of Acta2 (left) and Islr (right) relative to Actb by qPCR. e Expression levels of Nos2 and Mrc1 relative to Actb in the indicated RAW264.7 cells as examined by qPCR. f , g Peritoneal macrophages (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), isolated from C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice that were administered DMSO or Am80 after intraperitoneal injection of 2 ml 3% TGC, were subcutaneously co-transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse) into wild-type mice on Day 1, followed by anti-PD-L1 therapy from Day 5 to Day 11 ( f ), and measurement of the volume of the developed tumors ( g ). Statistical differences were assessed with 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( b ), Student t -test ( d , g ), and 1-way ANOVA with the Dunnett test ( e ). KO knockout, MSCs mesenchymal stem cells, NS not significant, qPCR quantitative polymerase chain reaction, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, TGC thioglycollate.

Figure Legend Snippet: a C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were orally administered DMSO or Am80 every day from Day 1 to Day 7. The mice were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 2 ml TGC (3%) on Day 4, followed by isolation of peritoneal macrophages on Day 7, and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for macrophage markers. b Expression levels of Nos2 and Mrc1 relative to Actb in the indicated macrophages as examined by qPCR. c Conditioned media (CM) from primary cultured mouse MSCs treated with either DMSO or Am80 (1 µM) for 48 h were added to control RAW264.7 cells or RAW264.7 cells that had been differentiated into M2-type macrophages using recombinant IL-4 (40 ng/ml, 48 h), followed by culture for 24 h and qPCR. d Total RNA extracted from MSCs treated with DMSO or Am80 (1 µM) for 48 h was examined for the expressions of Acta2 (left) and Islr (right) relative to Actb by qPCR. e Expression levels of Nos2 and Mrc1 relative to Actb in the indicated RAW264.7 cells as examined by qPCR. f , g Peritoneal macrophages (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), isolated from C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice that were administered DMSO or Am80 after intraperitoneal injection of 2 ml 3% TGC, were subcutaneously co-transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse) into wild-type mice on Day 1, followed by anti-PD-L1 therapy from Day 5 to Day 11 ( f ), and measurement of the volume of the developed tumors ( g ). Statistical differences were assessed with 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( b ), Student t -test ( d , g ), and 1-way ANOVA with the Dunnett test ( e ). KO knockout, MSCs mesenchymal stem cells, NS not significant, qPCR quantitative polymerase chain reaction, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, TGC thioglycollate.

Techniques Used: Injection, Isolation, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Cell Culture, Control, Recombinant, Knock-Out

a Publicly available datasets of single-cell RNA transcriptomic analysis of human bladder UC (left) and PDAC (right) were analyzed for the expression of ISLR and RARRES2 , which encode Meflin and chemerin, respectively. Shown are uniform manifold approximation and projection visualization of transcriptomes of all cells depicted by BBrowser. Arrows denote the fibroblast clusters that co-express ISLR and RARRES2 . b , c Selective expression of Rarres2 in Meflin + CAFs. Tumor sections from the MB49 model were double stained for Islr and Rarres2 by ISH ( b ). Boxed areas (a, b) are magnified in adjacent panels. Magenta and cyan arrowheads denote Islr and Rarres2 signals, respectively. The numbers of cells single- or double-positive for Islr and Rarres2 were counted and quantified ( c ). d Number of Rarres2 + cells detected in tissue sections prepared from MB49 tumors developed in wild-type and Meflin KO mice that were administered DMSO or Am80 (the experiment shown in Fig. ) were counted, followed by quantification. e , f C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by intratumoral injection of PBS or recombinant chemerin-9 (0.2 mg/kg) during the indicated periods, and intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 antibody ( e ). Tumor volumes of the developed tumors were measured over time ( f ). g Schematic diagram showing a working hypothesis for the mechanism of Am80-mediated tumor sensitization to ICB therapy. The mechanisms by which Meflin induces the expression of chemerin and how it is involved in the induction of M1-like macrophages remain unaddressed in the present study. Statistically significance was assessed using 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( d , f ). HPF high-power field (×40 objective lens), ICB immune checkpoint blockade, ISH in situ hybridization, KO knockout, PDAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, UC urothelial carcinoma.

Figure Legend Snippet: a Publicly available datasets of single-cell RNA transcriptomic analysis of human bladder UC (left) and PDAC (right) were analyzed for the expression of ISLR and RARRES2 , which encode Meflin and chemerin, respectively. Shown are uniform manifold approximation and projection visualization of transcriptomes of all cells depicted by BBrowser. Arrows denote the fibroblast clusters that co-express ISLR and RARRES2 . b , c Selective expression of Rarres2 in Meflin + CAFs. Tumor sections from the MB49 model were double stained for Islr and Rarres2 by ISH ( b ). Boxed areas (a, b) are magnified in adjacent panels. Magenta and cyan arrowheads denote Islr and Rarres2 signals, respectively. The numbers of cells single- or double-positive for Islr and Rarres2 were counted and quantified ( c ). d Number of Rarres2 + cells detected in tissue sections prepared from MB49 tumors developed in wild-type and Meflin KO mice that were administered DMSO or Am80 (the experiment shown in Fig. ) were counted, followed by quantification. e , f C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by intratumoral injection of PBS or recombinant chemerin-9 (0.2 mg/kg) during the indicated periods, and intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 antibody ( e ). Tumor volumes of the developed tumors were measured over time ( f ). g Schematic diagram showing a working hypothesis for the mechanism of Am80-mediated tumor sensitization to ICB therapy. The mechanisms by which Meflin induces the expression of chemerin and how it is involved in the induction of M1-like macrophages remain unaddressed in the present study. Statistically significance was assessed using 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( d , f ). HPF high-power field (×40 objective lens), ICB immune checkpoint blockade, ISH in situ hybridization, KO knockout, PDAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, UC urothelial carcinoma.

Techniques Used: Expressing, Staining, Injection, Recombinant, In Situ Hybridization, Knock-Out

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Journal: British Journal of Cancer

Article Title: Synthetic retinoid-mediated preconditioning of cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages improves cancer response to immune checkpoint blockade

doi: 10.1038/s41416-024-02734-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Tissue sections obtained from human ccRCC and UC cases who underwent ICB therapy were hematoxylin and eosin stained (top panels), and stained for Meflin mRNA by ISH (lower panels). Boxed areas are magnified in the middle panels. Dotted lines indicate the boundaries between the tumor and the stroma. Arrowheads indicate Meflin + CAFs. b Patients with ccRCC (top) or UC (bottom) treated with ICB therapy were stratified by the numbers of Meflin + CAFs in the stromal tissue. c Objective response rate (ORR) of Meflin-high and -low ccRCC and UC cases who received ICB therapy. d PFS (top) and OS (bottom) of Meflin-high and -low ccRCC or UC patients treated with ICB therapy. e , f C57BL/6 wild-type and Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse) on Day 1, followed by intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 (αPD-L1) or isotype control IgG every three days from Day 5 to Day 14 ( e ). Tumor volume ( f ). The statistical methods used are a two-tailed unpaired t-test ( c , f ) and log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test ( d ). CAFs cancer-associated fibroblasts, ccRCC clear cell renal cell carcinoma, CR complete response, ICB immune checkpoint blockade, Ig immunoglobulin, ISH in situ hybridization, KO knockout, N.S. not significant, OS overall survival, PD progressive disease, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, PFS progression-free survival, PR partial response, SD stable disease, UC: urothelial carcinoma.

Article Snippet: The mouse UC cell line MB49 was purchased from Merck Inc (cat. no. SCC148).

Techniques: Staining, Injection, Control, Two Tailed Test, In Situ Hybridization, Knock-Out

Journal: British Journal of Cancer

Article Title: Synthetic retinoid-mediated preconditioning of cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages improves cancer response to immune checkpoint blockade

doi: 10.1038/s41416-024-02734-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: a C57BL/6 wild-type female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with mT5 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by oral Am80 administration at the indicated periods and intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 antibodies. a, b, and c indicate the periods for oral Am80 administration. b Time courses of the volume of tumors developed in mice treated by the indicated regimens (left) and their body weights (right). c C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by oral administration of DMSO or Am80 prior to intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 antibodies. d , e Tissue sections obtained from the MB49 tumors on Day 12 were stained for the Islr gene by ISH ( d ), followed by quantification of Islr + cells ( e ). Arrowheads in ( d ) indicate Islr + cells. f Time courses of the volumes of tumors of the indicated groups. Differences between groups were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( b ), and Student t-test ( e , f ). HPF high-power field (×40 objective lens), ICB immune checkpoint blockade, ISH in situ hybridization, KO knockout, NS not significant, PDAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, UC urothelial carcinoma.

Article Snippet: The mouse UC cell line MB49 was purchased from Merck Inc (cat. no. SCC148).

Techniques: Injection, Staining, In Situ Hybridization, Knock-Out

Journal: British Journal of Cancer

Article Title: Synthetic retinoid-mediated preconditioning of cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages improves cancer response to immune checkpoint blockade

doi: 10.1038/s41416-024-02734-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: a C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by oral administration of DMSO or Am80 and IHC for several immune cell markers. Four random HPFs from the intratumoral area for each tissue section were evaluated for quantification. b – e Cells positive for the indicated immune cell markers in each HPF were counted, followed by quantification. Twelve HPFs were evaluated for each group. The statistical methods used were 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( b – e ). HPF high-power field (×40 objective lens), IHC immunohistochemistry, KO knockout, TIME tumor immune microenvironment.

Article Snippet: The mouse UC cell line MB49 was purchased from Merck Inc (cat. no. SCC148).

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Knock-Out

Journal: British Journal of Cancer

Article Title: Synthetic retinoid-mediated preconditioning of cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages improves cancer response to immune checkpoint blockade

doi: 10.1038/s41416-024-02734-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: a C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were orally administered DMSO or Am80 every day from Day 1 to Day 7. The mice were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 2 ml TGC (3%) on Day 4, followed by isolation of peritoneal macrophages on Day 7, and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for macrophage markers. b Expression levels of Nos2 and Mrc1 relative to Actb in the indicated macrophages as examined by qPCR. c Conditioned media (CM) from primary cultured mouse MSCs treated with either DMSO or Am80 (1 µM) for 48 h were added to control RAW264.7 cells or RAW264.7 cells that had been differentiated into M2-type macrophages using recombinant IL-4 (40 ng/ml, 48 h), followed by culture for 24 h and qPCR. d Total RNA extracted from MSCs treated with DMSO or Am80 (1 µM) for 48 h was examined for the expressions of Acta2 (left) and Islr (right) relative to Actb by qPCR. e Expression levels of Nos2 and Mrc1 relative to Actb in the indicated RAW264.7 cells as examined by qPCR. f , g Peritoneal macrophages (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), isolated from C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice that were administered DMSO or Am80 after intraperitoneal injection of 2 ml 3% TGC, were subcutaneously co-transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse) into wild-type mice on Day 1, followed by anti-PD-L1 therapy from Day 5 to Day 11 ( f ), and measurement of the volume of the developed tumors ( g ). Statistical differences were assessed with 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( b ), Student t -test ( d , g ), and 1-way ANOVA with the Dunnett test ( e ). KO knockout, MSCs mesenchymal stem cells, NS not significant, qPCR quantitative polymerase chain reaction, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, TGC thioglycollate.

Article Snippet: The mouse UC cell line MB49 was purchased from Merck Inc (cat. no. SCC148).

Techniques: Injection, Isolation, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Cell Culture, Control, Recombinant, Knock-Out

Journal: British Journal of Cancer

Article Title: Synthetic retinoid-mediated preconditioning of cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages improves cancer response to immune checkpoint blockade

doi: 10.1038/s41416-024-02734-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Publicly available datasets of single-cell RNA transcriptomic analysis of human bladder UC (left) and PDAC (right) were analyzed for the expression of ISLR and RARRES2 , which encode Meflin and chemerin, respectively. Shown are uniform manifold approximation and projection visualization of transcriptomes of all cells depicted by BBrowser. Arrows denote the fibroblast clusters that co-express ISLR and RARRES2 . b , c Selective expression of Rarres2 in Meflin + CAFs. Tumor sections from the MB49 model were double stained for Islr and Rarres2 by ISH ( b ). Boxed areas (a, b) are magnified in adjacent panels. Magenta and cyan arrowheads denote Islr and Rarres2 signals, respectively. The numbers of cells single- or double-positive for Islr and Rarres2 were counted and quantified ( c ). d Number of Rarres2 + cells detected in tissue sections prepared from MB49 tumors developed in wild-type and Meflin KO mice that were administered DMSO or Am80 (the experiment shown in Fig. ) were counted, followed by quantification. e , f C57BL/6 wild-type or Meflin KO female mice were subcutaneously transplanted with MB49 cells (1 × 10 6 cells/mouse), followed by intratumoral injection of PBS or recombinant chemerin-9 (0.2 mg/kg) during the indicated periods, and intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 antibody ( e ). Tumor volumes of the developed tumors were measured over time ( f ). g Schematic diagram showing a working hypothesis for the mechanism of Am80-mediated tumor sensitization to ICB therapy. The mechanisms by which Meflin induces the expression of chemerin and how it is involved in the induction of M1-like macrophages remain unaddressed in the present study. Statistically significance was assessed using 1-way ANOVA with the Tukey test ( d , f ). HPF high-power field (×40 objective lens), ICB immune checkpoint blockade, ISH in situ hybridization, KO knockout, PDAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PD-L1 programmed cell death ligand 1, UC urothelial carcinoma.

Article Snippet: The mouse UC cell line MB49 was purchased from Merck Inc (cat. no. SCC148).

Techniques: Expressing, Staining, Injection, Recombinant, In Situ Hybridization, Knock-Out

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